Multiplying 3-Digit Number by 1-Digit Number

Here we will learn multiplying 3-digit number by 1-digit number.

In two different types we will learn to multiply a three-digit number by a one-digit number.


A. Multiplication of 3-digit Number by 1-digit Number without Regrouping:

1. Multiply 201 by 3

Step I: Arrange the numbers vertically.

Step II: Multiply the digit at the ones place by 3.

1 × 3 = 3 ones

Step III: Now multiply the digit at the tens place by 3.

0 × 3 = 0 tens

Step IV: Now multiply the digit at the hundreds place by 3.

2 × 3 = 6 hundreds

Multiplying 3-Digit Number by 1-Digit Number

Thus, 201 × 3 = 603


2. Multiply 221 by 2.

               H     T     O

               2     2      1

                     ×      2

               4     4      2

First-Multiply ones by 2.

2 × 1 = 2. write 2 under O.

Then-Multiply tens by 2.

2 × 2 = 4, write 4 under T.

At last-Multiply hundreds by 2.

2 × 2 = 4. write 4 under H


Thus, 221 × 2 = 442


MULTIPLICATION OF A 3-DIGIT NUMBER BY A 1-DIGIT NUMBER WITHOUT REGROUPING:

3. Let us multiply 132 by 3.

Write the numbers one below the other as shown.

3-Digit by 1-Digit Multiplication

Step I: Multiply the ones digit by 3.

2 ones × 3 = 6 ones

Write 6 in the ones place.


Step II: Multiply the tens digit by 3.

3 tens × 3 = 9 tens

Write 9 in the tens place.


Step III: Multiply the hundreds digit by 3.

1 hundred × 3 = 3 hundreds

Write 3 in the hundreds place.


The product is 396.


Word Problems on Multiplication of a 3-digit Number by a 1-digit Number Without Regrouping:

4. Nairitee used 134 beads in a necklace. How many beads will she be used to make 2 necklaces?

134 × 2 = ?

Multiply Once Place

Step I: Arrange the numbers in correct columns.

Multiply the digit in the ones place by 2.

4 ones × 2 = 4 × 2 = 8 or 8 ones

Write 8 in the ones column.

Multiply Tens Place

Step II: Multiply the digit in the tens place by 2.

3 tens × 2 = 30 × 2 = 60 or 6 tens

Write 6 in the tens column.

Multiply Hundreds Place

Step III: Multiply the digit in the hundreds place by 2.

1 hundred × 2 = 100 × 2 = 200 or 2 hundreds

Write 2 in the hundreds column.

So, 134 × 2 = 268

Thus, she will use 268 beads.


B. Multiplication of 3-digit Number by 1-digit Number with Regrouping:

1. Multiply 246 by 4

Step I: Arrange the numbers vertically.

Step II: Multiply the digit at the ones place by 4.

6 × 4 = 24 = 2 tens + 4 ones

Write 4 in the ones column and carry over 2 to the tens column

Step III: Now multiply the digit at the tens place by 4.

4 × 4 = 16 tens

Now, 16 + 2 (carry over) = 18 tens = 1 hundred + 8 tens

Step IV: Now multiply the digit at the hundreds place by 4.

2 × 4 = 8 hundreds

Now, 8 + 1 (carry over) = 9 hundred

Multiplying 3-Digit Number by 1-Digit Number with Regrouping

Thus, 246 × 4 = 984


2. Multiply 453 by 6.

Step I: Arrange the numbers vertically.

Step II: Multiply the digit at the ones place by 6.

6 × 3 = 18 = 1 tens + 8 ones

Write 8 in the ones column and carry over 1 to the tens column

Step III: Now multiply the digit at the tens place by 6.

6 × 5 = 30 tens

Now, 30 + 1 (carry over) = 31 tens = 3 hundred + 1 tens

Write 1 in the tens column and carry over 3 to the hundred column.

 

Step IV: Now multiply the digit at the hundreds place by 6.

6 × 4 = 24 hundreds

Now, 24 + 3 (carry over) = 27 hundreds = 2 thousands and 7 hundreds.

Write 7 at the tens place and 2 at the thousands place.

Multiply 3-digit Number by a 1-digit Number with Regrouping

Thus, 453 × 6 = 2718


3. Multiply 167 by 2.

               H     T     O

               1     1

               1     6      7

                     ×      2

               3     3      4

× 2 = 14 = 1 ten + 4 ones.

write 4 under O.

Carry 1 ten. 6 × 2 = 12 + 1 = 13

13 = 1 hundred + 3 tens.

write 3 under T.

Carry 1 hundred. 2 × 1 = 2 + 1 = 3

write 3 under H.


4. Multiply 294 by 4.

Step I: Align the digits:

      Th     H     T     O

               2     9    4

                     ×      4

                                


Step II: Multiply ones.

4 ones × 4 = 16 ones 1 tens 6 ones.

Write 6 below ones place and carry 1 to the tens place.

      Th     H     T     O

                      1

               2     9      4

                     ×      4

                              6


Step III: Multiply tens.

9 tens × 4 = 36 tens.

36 tens + 1 tens (carried)

= 37 tens

3 hundreds + 7 tens

Write 7 below tens place and carry over 3 to the hundreds place.

      Th     H     T     O

               3     1

               2     9      4

                     ×      4

                      7      6


Step IV: Multiply hundreds. 

2 hundreds × 4 = 8 hundreds.

8 hundreds + 3 hundreds (carried) 

= 11 hundreds

Write 1 in hundreds place and 1 in thousands place.

      Th     H     T     O

               3     1

               2     9      4

                     ×      4

        1     1     7      6

Hence, 294 by 4 = 1,176


5. Multiply 239 by 8.

Step I: 

      Th     H     T     O

               2     3    9

                     ×      8

                                

Step II: 

      Th     H     T     O

                      7

               2     3    9

                     ×      8

                               2

Step III: 

      Th     H     T     O

               3     7

               2     3    9

                     ×      8

                      1      2

Step IV: 

      Th     H     T     O

               3     7

               2     3     9

                     ×      8

        1     9     1      2

Therefore, 239 × 8 = 1,912


6. Let us multiply 123 by 4.

Write the numbers one below the other as shown.

3-Digit by 1-Digit Multiplication with Regrouping

Step I: Multiply the ones digit by 4.

3 ones × 4 = 12 ones

Regroup: 12 ones = 1 ten and 2 ones

Write 2 in the ones place.

Carry over 1 ten and write it under T.


Step II: Multiply the tens digit by 4.

2 tens × 4 = 8 tens

Add 8 tens and 1 ten (carried over).

8 tens + 1 ten = 9 tens

Write 9 in the tens place.


Step III: Multiply the hundreds digit by 4.

1 hundred × 4 = 4 hundreds


The product is 492.


Multiplying 3-Digit Number by 1-Digit Number with Regrouping Twice:

7. Let us multiply 145 by 3.

Write the numbers one below the other as shown.

3-Digit by 1-Digit Multiplication with Regrouping Twice

Step I: Multiply the ones digit by 3.

5 ones × 3 = 15 ones

Regroup: 15 ones = 1 ten and 5 ones

Write 5 in the ones place.

Carry over 1 ten and write it under T.


Step II: Multiply the tens digit by 3.

4 tens × 3 = 12 tens

Add 12 tens and 1 ten (carried over).

12 tens + 1 ten = 13 tens

Regroup: 13 tens = 1 hundred and 3 tens

Write 3 in the tens place.

Carry over 1 hundred and write it under H.


Step III: Multiply the hundreds digit by 3.

1 hundred × 3 = 3 hundreds

Add 3 hundreds and 1 hundred (carried over).

3 hundreds + 1 hundred = 4 hundreds

Write 4 in the hundreds place.


The product is 435.


Word Problems on Multiplying a 3-digit Number by a 1-digit Number with Regrouping:

8. There are 235 books in one rack. How many books can 4 such racks hold?

Multiply the Ones Place

Step I: Multiply the digit in the ones place by 4.

5 × 4 = 20

20 is a 2-digit number, keep 0 in the ones column and carry over 2 to the tens column.

Multiply the Tens Place

Step II: Multiply the digit in the tens place by 4.

Add the carried over number to the result.

3 × 4 = 12

12 + 2 = 14

Keep 4 in the tens column and carry over 1 to the hundreds column.

Multiply the Hundreds Place

Step III: Multiply the digit in the hundreds place by 4.

Add the carried over number to the result.

2 × 4 = 8

8 + 1 = 9

Write 9 in the hundreds column.

So, 4 racks can hold 940 books.


Worksheet on Multiplying 3-Digit Number by 1-Digit Number:

Multiplying 3-Digit Number by 1-Digit Number without Regrouping:

I. Multiply the following:

(i) 134 × 2

(ii) 320 × 3

(iii) 112 × 4

(iv) 301 × 2

(v) 202 × 2

(vi) 131 × 3

(vii) 220 × 4

(viii) 303 × 3


Answer:

I. (i) 268

(ii) 960

(iii) 448

(iv) 602

(v) 404

(vi) 393

(vii) 880

(viii) 909


Multiplying 3-Digit Number by 1-Digit Number with Regrouping:

II. Multiply the following:

(i) 237 × 4

(ii) 142 × 7

(iii) 235 × 4

(iv) 408 × 2

(v) 145 × 6

(vi) 126 × 3

(vii) 435 × 2

(viii) 157 × 5


Answer:

II. (i) 948

(ii) 994

(iii) 940

(iv) 816

(v) 870

(vi) 378

(vii) 870

(viii) 785


III. Multiply the following:

(i) 467 × 8

(ii) 706 × 7

(iii) 982 × 9

(iv) 351 × 6

(v) 738 × 5

(vi) 288 × 7


Answer:

III. (i) 3736

(ii) 4942

(iii) 8838

(iv) 1806

(v) 3690

(vi) 2016


IV. Multiply the Following 3-Digit Numbers by 1-Digit Number:

(i)

               H     T     O

               3     1      3

                     ×      2

                                

(ii)

               H     T     O

               8     6      6

                     ×      1

                                

(iii)

               H     T     O

               2     1      0

                     ×      3

                                

(iv)

               H     T     O

               0     0      3

                     ×      2

                                

(v)

               H     T     O

               1     1      7

                     ×      1

                                

(vi)

               H     T     O

               1     1      4

                     ×      4

                                

(vii)

               H     T     O

               2     1      5

                     ×      3

                                

(viii)

               H     T     O

               1     1      2

                     ×      6

                                

(ix)

               H     T     O

               1     2      3

                     ×      4

                                

(x)

               H     T     O

               3     0      3

                     ×      7

                                

(xi)

               H     T     O

               1     7      4

                     ×      3

                                

(xii)

               H     T     O

               2     8      5

                     ×      8

                                

(xii)

               H     T     O

               2     3      4

                     ×      4

                                

(xiv)

               H     T     O

               3     3      2

                     ×      6

                                

(xv)

               H     T     O

               4     5      2

                     ×      5

                                


V. Multiply and Fill in the Blanks:

(i) 222 × 3 = _____

(ii) 212 × 4 = _____

(iii) 323 × 2 = _____

(iv) 112 × 5 = _____

(v) 124 × 4 = _____

(vi) 225 × 9 = _____

(vii) 666 × 6 = _____

(viii) 444 × 5 = _____

(ix) 245 × 7 = _____

(x) 145 × 4 = _____

You might like these




3rd Grade Math Lessons

From Multiplying 3-Digit Number by 1-Digit Number to HOME PAGE




Didn't find what you were looking for? Or want to know more information about Math Only Math. Use this Google Search to find what you need.



New! Comments

Have your say about what you just read! Leave me a comment in the box below. Ask a Question or Answer a Question.




Share this page: What’s this?

Recent Articles

  1. Basic Multiplication Facts | Repeated Addition |Multiplication Process

    Jan 15, 25 12:23 AM

    Understanding Multiplication
    Some basic multiplication facts are needed to follow for multiplying numbers. The repeated addition of the same number is expressed by multiplication in short.

    Read More

  2. Properties of Multiplication | Multiplicative Identity | Whole Numbers

    Jan 15, 25 12:08 AM

    Properties of Multiplication of Whole Numbers
    There are six properties of multiplication of whole numbers that will help to solve the problems easily. The six properties of multiplication are Closure Property, Commutative Property, Zero Property…

    Read More

  3. Multiplication Table | Learn Tables from 0 – 25 | Multiplication Table

    Jan 14, 25 11:53 PM

    multiplication table
    In math multiplication table we will learn the tables from 0 – 25. These multiplication tables help the students to learn the essential multiplication facts. Multiplication tables are very important f…

    Read More

  4. 3rd Grade Math Worksheets |3rd Grade Math Sheets|3rd Grade Math Lesson

    Jan 14, 25 11:02 PM

    3rd Grade Math Worksheets
    3rd grade math worksheets is carefully planned and thoughtfully presented on mathematics for the students. Teachers and parents can also follow the worksheets to guide the students.

    Read More

  5. 3rd Grade Subtraction Worksheet | 3-Digit Subtraction Worksheets | Ans

    Jan 14, 25 01:57 PM

    Fill in the Missing Numbers Subtraction and Addition
    In 3th Grade Addition Worksheet we will solve how to subtract 3-digit numbers by expansion, subtraction of 3-digit numbers without regrouping, subtraction of 3-digit numbers with regrouping, propertie…

    Read More